Отлично написанная история ДСМ (по аглицки)

[ivan_pl]

стырено отсюда (вроде это страничка автора)
http://www.geocities.com/seegs_82/Index.html
Кстати, кто там сомневался про американских галантов VR4 ?




I have tried to bring you the most complete and accurate account of Diamond Star Motor history. Please keep in mind that the information is as accurate as could be obtained and some data was provided by Chrysler and/or Mitsubishi Motors. I have tried to offer the reader something other than the "basic" history of the DSM line. This is probably the most comprehensive history that you will find on the internet. In addition, this is almost a closing, a tribute if you will, to the first and second generation cars since I don't consider the 2000+ Eclipse "part of the family." Although some do refer to it as a third generation (3G). With The names Plymouth Laser, Mitsubishi Eclipse***, and Eagle Talon are property of their respected owners. If you would like to contribute information to this section feel free to contact me at seegs@hotmail.com You can also specifications on the car here.
The "base" for the relations between Chrysler and Mitsubishi began in 1970 when Chrysler agreed to import and distribute cars manufactured by Mitsubishi Motors Corporation under the Plymouth and Dodge brand names. This was to be the foundation for the Diamond Star Motor division.
The mid eighties proved to be troublesome times for the Chrysler Corporation. Sales slumped significantly. Consumers were simply not spending the money on new cars as they had done in the past. One thing was for certain, Chrysler needed an answer and needed one fast. On the other hand, Mitsubishi had its own troubles. They were looking to sell more cars in the U.S. without violating the voluntary import-quota system. This meant that they would need to construct a plant in the United States.

Mitsubishi came to Chrysler's rescue in 1985, forming Diamond Star Motors. The Diamond Star Motors Division was created out of necessity for each side. Each company believed they would benefit greatly. Chrysler sought to replace its front wheel drive Laser, which was cancelled in 1986, with a sports car. Mitsubishi looked to increase their foreign sales. Since, each company's budget was tight both agreed to pool engineering and design resources to make their new car a reality.
Originally, the Laser coupe, which was test named the X2S, was to carry a 2.6L V6 as its top motor choice. This prototype engine was from the Starion/Conquest. Turbocharging was to be an option as well. As you know, the turbocharged inline four was chosen.
(note: DSM cars produced from 1990-1994 are known as First Generation (1G), DSM cars produced from 1995-1999 are known as Second Generation (2G).
Obviously, the next step was to select the location for the DSM manufacturing facility. Many locations were researched. With the data complied, Bloomington-Normal, Illinois was selected for its "prime location, enviable quality of life, and a community spirit second to none." Construction began immediately. With its completion, the Diamond Star Motors plant could produce up to 240,000 vehicles per year. The plant was to produce the Eagle Talon, Mitsubishi Eclipse, Plymouth Laser, Mitsubishi 3000GT, Dodge Stealth, and the Mitsubishi Galant. At the time of its construction, the plant was was and still is one of the most technologically complex car manufacturing centers in the world. The manufacturing process is so flexible that it is able to produce up to six different models on a single line. 600 industrial robots are used to achieve 90% automation in the welding and 20% automation in the final assembly line. See Production Numbers Here.
Quick Facts about MMMA Site Area2.57 million sq. m.Floor Space190,000 sq. m.Capacity240,000 units per year (2 shifts)
The credit for the design of the cars is still debated today. Both companies claim credit for different design areas. It is a fact that the DSM line is based on a shortened version of the front wheel drive Mitsubishi Galant.
Incorporated into the Diamond Star Motor cars are Galant engines, gearboxes, and suspension pieces. Mitsubishi handled virtually all of the engineering and was also responsible for the cars' interior design. It is hard to say for certain who created the sporty design of the 2+2 seater. Designers from both Chrysler and Mitsubishi were involved in all phases of the styling process, but the two companies disagree about the amount each contributed. It has been pointed out that the original, full-size clay model was produced by Chrysler's West Coast Pacifica design studio. The front bumper and air dam were created from a model submitted by Mitsubishi's California design firm.
Nevertheless, all three cars are mechanically identical. The famous All Wheel Drive Viscous Coupling System was not incorporated until late Spring. The partners agreed that it would be more beneficial to the company not to rush an advanced system of this nature into a new car assembly plant. ABS would also be introduced with the AWD systems. The first AWD cars were to be released under Chrysler's Eagle division
Production began in August of 1989*. There were four models to choose from. There was the base model (SOHC 1.8L, 4G37)*, the 2.0L engine (4G63)*, the turbocharged 2.0L (4G63T), as well as the awesome turbocharged, All Wheel Drive model. Sales rose drastically.
The naturally aspirated 2.0(4G63) and 1.8(4G37) liter engines were built by Mitsubishi. At the time of its production, the Laser, Eclipse, and Talon were some of the fastest four cylinders on the planet. Aftermarket parts for the trio began to make their appearance, which heavily increased the performance of the cars -- giving Mustangs, Camaros, and even Corvettes a run for their money. Manufacturing increased yearly. The demand for the cars was so great production could hardly keep up. Originally, the AWD Talon was to be the only Eagle car produced. Later, a front wheel drive model was added.
In 1991, Chrysler sold its equity of the plant in Normal, IL to Mitsubishi. This may, or may not account for the slight redesign of the cars for the 1992 year. The pop up head lights were removed and replaced with a more ergonomic design. The body of the car received some slight modifications. 1992 also marked the appearance of the AWD Plymouth Laser.
Side Panels were smoothed out to give the car a more aerodynamic look and feel. The interior received subtle modifications as well. New styling options were available, with new colors for the cloth surfaces. Mechanical changes were subtle as well. In May of 1992, the six bolt motor was replaced with a seven bolt design. The engine rods were a bit smaller than those of the pre May of 92 cars. The three bolt rear end was swapped for a stronger four bolt."Don't fix it if it ain't broke, right?"
By 1993, the public was well aware of the DSM's presence. As C. Van Tune of Car Craft Magazine wrote:**
"As a non-turbocharged front-driver, the Diamond Star is nice. As a turbocharged front-driver, it's fast. As a turbocharged all-wheel-driver, it's spectacular. No two-wheel-drive vehicle on earth can launch as hard as an AWD of comparable power, and the Diamond Star is among the hardest launching AWD vehicles around. Rev it to seven grand, drop the clutch, and all four wheels claw the pavement with a violence usually reserved for Wes Craven movies. In an across-the-intersection face-off, only a superbike, Syclone, or seriously-built street machine stands a chance against an AWD Diamond Star. The Mitsubishi Eclipse GSX tested this time wasn't the quickest in quarter-mile, but it was quicker than any other car - including the Corvette, RX7, and 300ZX - to 30 mph. And it'll achieve a 142mph terminal velocity that will let you hunt down, and pass Mustang Cobras."

[ivan_pl]

If that isn't enough to pump up all of you DSM owners, I don't know what will. It may be interesting to note that the cars listed below were also released nearly the same time as the 1993 DSM's.
Camaro IROC Z 15.7 @ 91
Daytona Shelby Z 16.2 @ 86
Mustang LX 15.1 @ 94
Probe GT 16.2 @ 86
Trans Am GTA 15.9 @ 90
Thunderbird SC 15.3 @ 93
Eagle Talon TSi AWD 14.8 @ 91
-Information Provided by Car Craft 1993
The end of 1994 brought yet another change for the DSM company. The Plymouth Laser was dropped from production due to its lack of appeal that its other siblings offered. For the 1995 lineup, a new, more aggressive, comfortable, and luxurious design was chosen to replace the older Talon and Eclipse models. The design was smoothed out and given an aerodynamic feel. The ride was lowered 2 inches and given a wider, longer stance. As far as the mechanical aspects are concerned, the new design featured slightly altered variation of the 2.0L turbocharged engine with an additional 15hp. The new engine included higher compression, a smaller (T-25) garret turbo, upgraded "non-ticking" lifters, as well as a host of other improvements. The 420a was used as the non-turbo engine. This particular motor was chosen to satisfy Mitsubishi's domestic content clause. The U.S. Government reportedly did not allow the 420A to be used as domestic content due to the fact that the engine is built in Mexico. Chrysler does get to claim it as being domestic.*
Many argue which car is the greatest of the DSM family. In my opinion, the 1G is still top dog due to its cheap upgradeability. Others disagree.
Diamond Star Motors owners have long called for a convertible. The Mitsubishi Spyder was first introduced in 1996 and has been a success ever since. While a bit slower than its hard top predecessor, it is still the great bang for the buck vehicle. The Spyder was a bit heftier than the other front wheel drive vehicles. This is no doubt due to the extra 155 pounds of structural enhancements incorporated into the spyder -- which include hydraulic motor mounts, stiffer side panels, and a reinforced windshield mount among others. With a base engine of a 2.4L SOHC, or the speedy 2.0L turbo, you can rev the engine up to 7000 rpm and dump the clutch and the spyder will burn the tires all the way to redline. While not the fastest of the bunch, the lack of speed is easily made up with the image the car perceives.
In late 1996, reports were issued that Chrysler would not renew its contract with Mitsubishi after it expired in 1999. As you know, this has become a reality. I was disheartened to hear this news, as I am sure every other DSM owner was. Chrysler will continue to retain relations with Mitsubishi, but only a parts-exchange basis. The companies will proceed to exchange research information as well, but will probably never make a complete unit again. 1997 also brought minor changes to the each car's appearance. Including a raised spoiler on each car and improved aerodynamics. Recently, Chrysler purchased back 40% of the Mitsubishi stock. What does this mean? I'm not quite for sure. Some indicate that the DSM may make another apperance. Wouldn't that be nice?
1998 marked the end of the Eagle Talon. The Talon was dropped due to lagging sales.
Chrysler feared it was too late to increase sales with a new model. Some evidence of the Talon being dropped would appear in the form of "advertisements" of the 1997 model year in which no national advertisements were run for the Talon. There were some local ads that appeared from various dealers, but that was it. As a Talon owner, I hope that there is a possibility for the Talon to return. 1999 was the last year for the second generation Eclipse. Although a 2000 Eclipse model was released, I do not consider it to be a member of the DSM family due to the fact that it doesn't contain the 2.0L turbocharged monster that made the Eclipse/Laser/Talon the car that it is. In addition, the low price tag allowed all of us blue-collar citizens to become a sports car owner. It is still heavily debated whether or not to include the new Eclipse as a third generation, but you decide for yourself.

Sales Facts
MMMA production per year. 1990199119921993199419951996199719981999Eclipse, Laser, TalonN/A*120,341126,20693,08890,19580,99462,11767,23340,3 4650,965Eclipse Spyder------13,51811,40110,8135,713
*Data Not Available

MMMA Sales Volume 1990199119921993199419951996199719981999EclipseN/A*49,27853,71257,08351,82652,55553,80748,50345,619 53,123Eclipse Spyder------9,30910,06612,3368,751TalonN/A*29,85329,81327,33127,25020,78913,79910,2062,957-LaserN/A*28,20124,46315,9924,566197----
*Data Not Available

MMMA actually did ship cars to Japan. Here are those numbers. Only the Eclipse was shipped over for export.
MMMA exports to Japan199419951996199719981999Amount exported811,2761,09085830488

Quotes
"All Wheel Drive transforms the Eclipse (and its Eagle Twin ) from a likeable sports coupe with lots of competition to an absolutely loveable sports coupe with no competition."
-Road and Track
"In our August 1982 issue, we compared the hottest available versions of the Mustang, the Camaro, and the Firebird with a Porsche 928. Naturally, the 928 - which cost nearly $44,000 - soundly trounced the domestics. The new Diamond Star cars - at $15,500 or so - can handily outrun that Porsche."
-Csaba Csere
"On the road, the Diamond Stars are just that; stars, Very Fast stars. And stars that you can afford."
-Arthur St. Antoine
"No matter what label the Diamond Star car wears, it sets a new standard among sport coupes."
-Impressions, Winter 1989

***Mitsubishi got the Eclipse name from an 18th Century English racehorse that won 26 races.
**I would like to thank Johm Moore at se.dsm.org for his information.
*Information supplied by Bill of http://www.dsetuning.com/
*Thanks to all for motivating me to correct this website! (too many names to mention)

[ivan_pl]

Information for the following breakdown was provided by
1000 already answered questions - Make sure to check it out.
1990

• Inagural model year of the DSM.
• Pop-up headlights.
• Some high-end models had wheel covers.
• All ECUs had EPROMs.
• Front brakes change during the model year.
• 1.8L models have the 4G37 engine, all others have the 4G63 engine.

1991

• ECU changes mean that 1991+ ECUs don't operate the 1990 tachometer correctly.
• Most ECUs had EPROMs.
• First model year with ABS available. ABS not available with limited-slip differential (LSD).
• All high-end models had alloy or mesh wheels.
• First year of the Galant VR-4 - 2000 sold in the American market.

1992

• Non-popup headlights introduced on all models.
• The first AWD Lasers were introduced.
• Few (or no) ECUs have EPROMs.
• ABS now available with LSD.
• The engine changes from the 6-bolt version to the 7-bolt version in April.
• Second and final year of the Galant VR-4 - 1000 sold in the American market.
• The last year of the Dodge 2000GTX.

1993

• "Big brake" 2-piston front calipers become standard on turbo models.
• 7-bolt engines are now standard.
• No ECUs have EPROMs.
• Diamond-Star Motors ceases to exist.

1994

• All cars built to California emissions standards - there are no "Federal" cars.
• The last year of the 1G car and the 1.8L NT models.
• The last year of the Plymouth Laser.

1995

• The inagural year of the 2G DSM.
• Significant changes to the engine, body, and electronics.
• New transmissions.
• All ECUs have EPROMs.
• Non-turbo models are based on the Chrysler 420A engine instead of the Mitsubishi 4G63 engine.
• OBD-II becomes standard on DSMs, along with two oxygen sensors.
• Mitsubishi begins using some substandard crankshafts, leading to crank walk on some 2G cars.

1996

• The first year of the convertible Spyder.
• The Mitsubishi 4G64 engine is offered, in the Spyder models only.
• ECUs stop having EPROMs.

1997

• Additional body changes from the 1995/1996 models.
• Minor changes to the ECU code.

1998

• Minor changes to the ECU code.
• After many years, Mitsubishi finally issues a recall on the AWD DSM transfer case.

1999

• The last year of the 2G car, and of the 4G63/AWD DSM platform.
• The last year of the Eagle Talon. Chrysler drops the Eagle marque.

2000+

• 2000 - The first year of the 3G Eclipse.
• 2002 - The first year of the Lancer (non-Evolution) in the United States and Canada.
• 2003 - The first year of the Lancer Evolution in the U.S.A.
• 2004? - The first year of the Lancer Evolution in Canada?

[ivan_pl]

Админам - модераторам - мож какнть эту статейку вывесить целиком?
И таблички развалились - не знаю как их вставлять

[costarika]

спасибо
целиком в другом месте
и ищу переводчиков

[ivan_pl]

ну попробую на досуге перевести в вольном стиле
уже переведено чтонть ? чтоб дважды работу не делать..

[costarika]

могу дать машинный перевод как кальку

[ivan_pl]

нее, спасибо не надо
я техническими переводами халтурил в универе...

[~*Sunny*~]

ivan pl, если чаво надо будет по переводам подсказать - обращайся : )

[ChertovCar]

В целом, УСЕ понятно! Но с удовольствием прочла бы в литературном переводе! :-)

[Juletta]

Да, интересно бы было почитать....

[ivan_pl]

Итак, прелюдия: 2 часа ночи. Я влез читать и увидел что в пылу сознательности пообещал перевести статью некого "seegs_82/" сайт которого указан выше и которого я знать не знаю и слыхам не слыхивал. Но этот перец написал знатную статью про историю ДСМ за что он в анналы и попал (истории анналы, а вы о чем подумали??)
Часть всякой чисто америкосовской лабуды я упущу, как и всякие копирайты..


Я тут попытался написать наиболее полную историю Diamond Star Motor. Пажалуйста, не обессудьте что я вру не более чем врут Chrysler и/или Mitsubishi Motors. Ну наверно это самое полное повествование про ДСМ что можно найти в интернете. Ну и вообще большей инфо чем здесь о Г1 и Г2 вы нигде не найдете, (ну и вобчем аффтор крут). Но в данной статье я не говорю о Eclipse моложе 2000 – они вообще приблудные тут. Правда некоторые считают что они являются "третьим поколением" т.е 3G. Ну а дальше про копирайты и куда с жалобами и предложениями…….


Начало взаимоотношений между Chrysler и Mitsubishi было положено в 1970 г. когда Chrysler согласилась импортировать и продавать машины Mitsubishi Motors Corporation под марками Plymouth и Dodge. Это и стало началом зарождения подразделения Diamond Star Motor. Середина 80-х стало трудным временем для Chrysler. Продажи падали, бла бла бла, и надо что то делать. У Mitsubishi все тоже было не сладко. Компания хотела нарастить объемы продаж и не строить завод на территории США. ( У америкосов вместо наших запретительных пошлин были квоты)


Mitsubishi пришла на помощь Chrysler в 1985 г. и компания Diamond Star Motors окончательно сформировалась. Перспективы были радужными для обеих сторон: Chryslerхотела найти замену спортивной модели Laser, снятой с производства в 1986 г, а Mitsubishi хотела нарастить продажи на зарубежных рынках. Т.к. бюджеты обеих компаний были не ахти, они решили сконцентрировать дизайнерские и инженерные усилия на выпуске одной новой модели.

Изначально, купе Laser (рабочее название X2G) должно было быть оснащено самым крутым на тот момент двигателем 2,6 V6. Это был двигатель от модели Starion/Conquest (см. http://www.starion.narod.ru и http://www.starion-turbo.co.uk прим. мое) Были модели и с турбо движками. (Далее ла-ла)

Далее надо было определить место для будущего завода. Было выбрано местечко Bloomington-Normal, Illinois. Быстро все построили. Завод был рассчитан на выпуск 240 000 машин в год. По окончании стройки завод выпускал Eagle Talon, Mitsubishi Eclipse, Plymouth Laser, Mitsubishi 3000GT, Dodge Stealth, and the Mitsubishi Galant. На то время завод DSM был самым технологичным в мире. Гибкий производственный процесс позволял выпускать до 6-и моделей на одном конвейере, 600 роботов обеспечивали 90% автоматизации всех сварочных работ и 20% работ в процессе сборки машины.

Несколько цифр:
Заводская территория 257 Га
Площадь зданий 19 Га
Мощность 240 000 машин в год (при 2-х сменах)
Дизайн машин DSM до сих пор вызывает споры во всем мире. Обе компании придерживались своей школы. Не секрет что вся линейка DSM базируется на укороченной платформе седана Mitsubishi Galant. Продукция Diamond Star Motor унаследовала двигатели, коробки и подвеску от Galant. По факту Mitsubishi полностью отвечала за всю конструкцию, а так же за интерьер машин. Трудно сказать чьему авторству принадлежит дизайн купе 2+2. Дизайнеры обеих сторон были вовлечены в творческий процесс, однако источники расходятся во мнениях, кому принадлежит авторство концепции. Отмечается, что первый полноразмерный макет был построен в дизайнерской студии West Coast Pacifica компании Chrysler, при этом передний бампер и воздухозаборники (air dam?) были созданы в калифорнийской студии Mitsubishi.

Производство было начато в августе 1989г.Все три модели (имеются в виду Eclipse/Laser/Talon) были конструктивно идентичными. Легендарная полноприводная версия (AWD) была запущена под брендом Chrysler Eagle только поздней весной(1990 соответственно? прим. пер.), одновременно с внедрением ABS. Покупателям предлагались 3 базовых модели SOHC 1.8L, 4G37*, DOHC 2.0L 4G63*, и турбированная DOHS 2.0L 4G63T.

(прим. мое. : автор не корректен, по факту предлагались 4 модели – 1.8 FWD, 2.0 FWD, 2.0T FWD и 2.0T AWD, при этом ранние версии бюджетных 1,8 отличаются забавной (чисто американской) комплектацией –с ручными стеклоподъемниками и зеркалами, но часто в коже)

Продажи росли небывалыми темпами. На момент создания Laser, Eclipse, и Talon были одними из самых быстрых серийных четырехцилиндровых автомобилей в мире. Благодаря тюнинговым запчастям они могли на равных соревноваться с такими машинами как Mustang, Camaro, и даже Corvette. Изначально под маркой Talon производилась только полноприводная версия, позже стали делать и переднеприводную.

В 1991г. Chrysler продала свою долю в заводе Mitsubishi. Возможно, это отчасти послужило рестайлингу машины и внедрением более эргономичного дизайна: на смену выдвигающимся фарам пришли обычные. Так же 1992 г. ознаменован выпуском AWD версии под именем Laser.


Side Panels were smoothed out to give the car a more aerodynamic look and feel. The interior received subtle modifications as well. New styling options were available, with new colors for the cloth surfaces. Mechanical changes were subtle as well. In May of 1992, the six bolt motor was replaced with a seven bolt design. The engine rods were a bit smaller than those of the pre May of 92 cars. The three bolt rear end was swapped for a stronger four bolt."Don't fix it if it ain't broke, right?"

Боковые панели были приглажены с целью придания корпусу более аэродинамичного вида. Интерьер стал так же более утонченным. ( я чет не понял о чем это). Бла-бла, В мае 1992 6-и болтовый двигатель был заменен 7-и болтовым. (дальше о каком rear end идет речь я тоже не понял)

(Ну еще не указано что во первых есть как минимум три модификации эктерьера, а во вторых в это время на турбах стали ставить двухпоршневые сигмовские суппорта, опять мое)

Дальше цитаты из журналов, ла ла…
Новый 1994 г. принес новые изменения для DSM. Из линейки был исключен Plymouth Laser Ну и потом запустили G2

Дальше пока ниасилил………….
6 утра все таки…..Да и вообще про G2 пусть владелец G2 пишет J

[ChertovCar]

Ваня, МОЛОДЦА!!! Осилил небольшую часть! :-)

[costarika]

dsm model guide
dsm model guide 2

[Marat_GTi]

>>>Изначально под маркой Talon производилась только полноприводная версия, позже стали делать и переднеприводную.


Вот тут вот надо бы поуточнять...

Дело в том, что в 1989 году были только Eagle Talon с 4G63Turbo.
Я видел 2WF(FWD) и 4WD(AWD) этого года года выпуска.
По Plymouth Laser нужно будет почитать и поискаить отдельно, но они вроде были только 2WF(FWD), и вот были ли 1989 г.в. это тоже вопрос.

Для Mitsubishi Eclipse 4G63Turbo появился только с 1990 года.
По Plymouth Laser нужно будет почитать.

Еще интерсный факт, что на детальки которые ставились на Eagle Talon и Plymouth Laser ставилось клеймо Chrysler, а для Mitsubishi Eclipse нет. Причем парадоксально но во многих каталогах запчастей американских производителей Eagle Talon и Plymouth Laser есть и есть соответственно для них запчасти, а вот про Mitsubishi Eclipse нет даже упоминания.

Донором для поколения G1 служило 2 модели Mitsubishi Galant "GTi" (2WD/FWD, 4G63NT) и Mitsubishi Galant "VR-4" (4WD/AWD, 4G63T).
В конце 80х Раллийнай команда Мицу выступала как раз на Mitsubishi Galant VR-4 (4WD/AWD, 4G63T) и добивалась побед несколько лет подряд, вероятно это одна из причин по которой в итоге на G1 стали ставить 4G63NT и 4G63T двигатели.